The Treaty of Versailles (Ended WW I)

The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I by blaming Germany for the whole war. It also forced Germany to pay compensation for the war. 10% of German lands were given away and all of its over sea colonies were lost. Germanys army was taken away so they felt embarrassed and insecure about their in ability to defend themselves. Germany was also forbidden to build large ships.
Germany's land was turned into Poland and Alcase Lorraine. Austria-hungary's land was turned into Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, more of Romania, and Czechoslovakia. The Ottoman empire turned into Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Trans Jordan, and Iraq.
Germany had to borrow money from the U.S. to pay Britain and France. Then U.S. went through an economic depression in 1929 and couldn't give Germany any more money so the German people thought a great leader could return their nation to greatness. Hitler tried to over throw the governtment but failed and was thrown in prison. He spoke in a charasmitic style that impressed the German people. He said that pure Germans could control the destiny of Germany and return it to greatness. He blamed most of Germany's problems on the Jews.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey

He put an end to the Ottoman dynasty and created the Repuiblic of Turkey in 1923. That established a new republic that truly reprezented the nation's will. He introduced reforms in the political, social, legal, economic, and cultural spheres. These reforms were virtually unparalleled in any other country. He made Turkey more secular, changed the gvernment and education to have it less religious, and gave the women more rights.
Women received the right to vote in 1934. He stated that the true rulers of Turkey were the peasants. He was against social classes and recognized no individual, no family, no class and no organization as being above others. Secular is not pertaining to or connected with religion.

Film Lesson "Gandhi"

Gandhi helped India gain independence fromGreat Britain. He did a lot to help gain this independence. He had a method of non-violence that worked in making Great Britain look evil. By not attacking Great Britain back even though Great Britain kept attacking their people. When the people attacked back Gandhi fasted (went on a hunger strike) in order for the people to stop using violence. Eventually the violence stopped and Gandhi stopped fasting. Some of the things Gandhi did to gain freedom from Great Britain was burning the parcels the Indians had to carry in order to seperate them from the British. Another thing he did was boycot the British clothing. He made his own clothes from thread made in India. He also went on a salt march. He went to the sea and made his own salt and that brought down the profits that Britain got from selling salt in India. No matter how many times they arrested Gandhi the people never gave up and neither did Gandhi.